The management of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) remains one of the most pressing challenges in obstetrics. Defined as the failure of a fetus to achieve its genetically determined growth potential, IUGR is a condition that not only complicates pregnancies but also predisposes infants to perinatal morbidity, mortality, and long-term health consequences. For decades, the only […]

Erectile dysfunction (ED) has evolved from a taboo subject whispered behind closed doors to a mainstream medical concern openly discussed in both clinics and commercials. Defined as the inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance, ED is now recognized not only as a quality-of-life issue but also as a marker […]

Sexual dysfunction (SD) is a frequently underestimated complication of multiple sclerosis (MS), yet it affects nearly two-thirds of patients across their disease trajectory. Its impact is not confined to the bedroom; it extends into domains of mood, self-esteem, relationships, and overall quality of life. Importantly, SD is not a uniform entity. It encompasses primary neurological […]

Erectile dysfunction (ED) has long been managed with a one-size-fits-all mentality, dominated by the use of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors such as sildenafil. While these agents revolutionized the field by providing a safe, effective, and convenient oral therapy, a growing body of evidence suggests that monotherapy often leaves many patients dissatisfied. Clinical realities—ranging from […]

Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors, most famously known through sildenafil, have become cultural icons of sexual health. Originally developed to treat angina, these drugs serendipitously changed the landscape of erectile dysfunction (ED) therapy. Yet the story does not end in the bedroom. Over the past two decades, clinical and experimental research has revealed that PDE5 […]

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is one of the most common male sexual health disorders, affecting millions worldwide. It is no longer viewed as an isolated inconvenience but as a complex condition intricately linked to metabolic, vascular, neurological, hormonal, and psychological health. In fact, ED often acts as an early warning system for systemic diseases such as […]

Chronic liver diseases (CLDs) affect nearly two billion people worldwide, making them a major global health burden. While much attention has been directed at cirrhosis, hepatitis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a less discussed but clinically significant complication is erectile dysfunction (ED). The intersection of these two conditions is not accidental: liver pathology profoundly […]

Lithium remains a cornerstone in the management of bipolar disorder and other affective illnesses, yet its adverse effects often challenge long-term adherence. Among its wide range of side effects, erectile dysfunction (ED) and sexual disturbances stand out for their profound impact on quality of life. For a patient struggling with mood instability, the added burden […]

Erectile dysfunction (ED) remains the most common male sexual disorder and, despite the availability of effective symptomatic treatments such as sildenafil and other PDE5 inhibitors, curative solutions are elusive. Traditional therapy improves penile hemodynamics transiently but does not reverse the structural and neurovascular injury that underpins many severe or refractory cases. As our molecular and […]

Erectile dysfunction (ED) in the context of diabetes is not a single problem with a single fix—it is a clinical intersection where vascular biology, neurophysiology, endocrinology, psychology, and medications all jostle for influence. If you take away only one point, let it be this: in men with diabetes, ED is common, multifactorial, and treatable—provided we […]